2010, South Korea ee POSCO, Daewoo Shipbuilding iyo shanta bulsho ee kala soocida ugu waaweyn ee adduunka bilaabay mashruuca "horumarinta wadajirka ah ee birta manganese sare iyo alxanka qalabka heerkulka ultra-hooseeya", oo gaadhay wax soo saarka ballaaran ee birta manganese sare ee taangiyada kaydinta LNG 2015. By June 2022, si ay u jabiyaan iyada oo loo marayo cilad farsamo, South Korea ee Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME) iyo POSCO ayaa qaban doona markii ugu horeysay aduunka si ay ugu rakibaan haamaha kaydinta shidaalka ee LNG birta sare ee manganese-ka ah ee ku shaqeeya LNG-ku shaqeeya aadka u waaweyn ee cayriin (VLCCs), waxayna sheegeen in ay horumariyeen farsamada soo saarista haanta shidaalka ka hor daaweynta birta. alxanka iyo samaynta.
1. Waa maxay birta manganese sare?
Birta manganese-ka sare ee taangiyada kaydinta LNG waa bir daawaha leh oo leh maadada manganese inta u dhaxaysa 22-25%, kaas oo leh iska caabin heerkul hoose oo wanaagsan iyo iska caabin heersare ah, kaas oo aad uga muuqda agabka taangiga kaydinta ee LNG waa gacaliyaha cusub ee haanta kaydinta LNG agab ay Kuuriyada Koonfureed u heellan tahay cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta in ka badan toban sano.
2. Falanqaynta kooban ee noocyada birta ah iyo faa'iidooyinka iyo khasaaraha ay u leeyihiin taangiyada kaydinta LNG Qalabkayaga alxanka ah ee u dhigma waxay buuxin karaan shuruudahan adag: Tan iyo taangiyada kaydinta shidaalka ee waaweyn ee LNG waa qalabka asaasiga ah ee maraakiibta shidaalka ku shaqeeya deegaanka iyo dhammaan silsiladaha warshadaha LNG. Heerarka farsamada ayaa ah kuwo aad u adag, kharashkuna waa qaali. LNG waxaa badanaa lagu kaydiyaa oo lagu qaadaa hoos heerkulka aadka u hooseeya ee -163°C. "Xeerka caalamiga ah ee dhismaha iyo qalabka maraakiibta sida gaaska dareeraha ah ee bulk" waxaa loo tixraacaa sida "IGC Code". Afarta maaddooyinka heerkulka hooseeya ee loo isticmaali karo dhismaha LNG waxaa ka mid ah: aluminium alloy steel, Austria Tensitic steel steel, austenitic Fe-Ni alloy steel (sidoo kale loo yaqaan birta Invar) iyo 9% Ni birta (fiiri shaxda 1 faahfaahinta). halka 9%Ni steel ay tahay tan ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo looguna badan yahay isticmaalka haamaha kaydinta shidaalka ee LNG. Laakiin faa'iido darrada ayaa ah in qiimihiisu uu weli sarreeyo, habraacyada hab-socodka ayaa ah kuwo dhib badan, xoogguna waa yar yahay, iyo maadada nikkel ee alaabtu waa mid sarreeya. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, qiimaha nikelka ayaa sii waday inuu kordho, qiimaha badeecaduna aad ayuu u kordhay.
4 walxo cryogenic oo loo isticmaali karo dhismaha LNG ee hoos yimaada "IGC Code"
Heerkulka naqshadaynta ugu yar | Noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee birta iyo daaweynta kulaylka | Heerkulka tijaabada saamaynta |
-165 ℃ | 9% Ni steel NNT ama QT | -196℃ |
birta austenitic - 304, 304L, 316/316L, 321 iyo 347 xal | -196℃ | |
Aluminium aluminium - 5083 annealed | NO | |
austenitic bir-nickel alloy (36% Ni) |
Isbarbardhigga xoogga u dhexeeya alaabta LNG ee sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo iyo birta manganese sare ee cusub
Shayga | Alloy caadi ahaan | birta manganese sare | ||||
9% Ni steel | 304 SS | Alu 5083-O | Invar birta | MC | ||
Qalabka salka | Halabuurka Kiimikada | Fe-9Ni | Fe-18.5Cr-9.25Ni | Al-4.5Mg | Fe-36Ni | M CH mn |
Qaab-dhismeedka yar yar | α1 (+Y) | (FCC) | FCC | FCC | FCC | |
Xoogga Wax-soo-saarkaMpa | ≥585 | ≥205 | 124-200 | 230-350 | ≥400 | |
Xoogga Jilicsan Mpa | 690-825 | ≥515 | 276-352 | 400-500 | 800-970 | |
-196℃SaamayntaJ | ≥41 | ≥41 | NO | NO | ≥41 | |
Weldments | alaabta alxanka | Inconal | Nooca308 | ER5356 | - | FCA,SA, GTA |
Xoogga Wax-soo-saarkaMpa | - | - | - | - | ≥400 | |
Xoogga JilicsanMpa | ≥690 | ≥550 | - | - | ≥660 | |
-196℃SaamayntaJ | ≥27 | ≥27 | - | - | 27 |
Heerkulka aadka u hooseeya ee birta-manganese-ka, oo isku daraysa xoog sare, adkeysi sare, iyo qiimo jaban, waxay leedahay rajo codsi oo aad u ballaaran mustaqbalka haanta kaydinta shidaalka LNG iyo ilaalinta deegaanka beddelka suuqyada kaydinta shidaalka sida dareeraha ammonia, hydrogen dareeraha ah, iyo methanol.
Halabuurka iyo shuruudaha waxqabadka ee birta manganese sare
Halabuurka Kiimikada (ASTM Draft)
| C | Mn | p | s | Cr | Cu |
% | 0.35-0.55 | 22.5-25.5 | 03.03 | 01.01 | 3.0-4.0 | 0.3-0.7 |
Dabeecadda makaanikada
● Qaab dhismeedka crystal: shabag kubiyeedka wejiga xuddun u ah (γ-Fe)
● Heerkulka la ogol yahay:-196℃
● Xoog soo saarid;400MPa (58ksi)
● Xoog xajin: 800~970MPa (116-141ksi)
● Imtixaanka saamaynta Charpy V-notch>41J at -196℃(-320℉)
Horudhac ku saabsan alaabta alxanka ee birta manganese-ka sare leh ee shirkadeena
Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, waxaan nafteena u huray cilmi baarista iyo horumarinta birta-manganese-sare ee is-waafajinta alaabada alxanka ee haamaha kaydinta LNG, waxaanan si guul leh u soo saarnay alaabada alxanka oo la jaan qaadi kara sifooyinka qalabka birta-sare ee manganese ee taangiyada kaydinta LNG. Waxyaabaha gaarka ah ayaa lagu muujiyay shaxda 2.
Guryaha makaanikada ee birta manganese-ka sare ee u dhigma alxanka alaabada la shubay
Magaca | Booska | sifooyinka farsamada | ||||
YP | TS | EL | -196℃ saamayn | tijaabooyinka shucaaca | ||
Hadafka naqshadeynta | ≥400 | ≥660 | ≥25 | ≥41 | I | |
GER-HMA Φ3.2mm | Qalabka gacanta | 488 | 686 | 46.0 | 73.3 | I |
GCR-HMA-S Φ3.2mm | Silig bir ah oo bir ah | 486 | 700 | 44.5 | 62.0 | I |
Ps.Metal budada xudunta u ah silig alxanka arc ee birta manganese sare waxay qabataa qulqulka u dhigma GXR-200 ee birta manganese sare
Weldability iyo muujinta muunad ee alaabada alxanka manganese sare ee haamaha kaydinta LNG
Weldability ee alaabta alxanka ee birta manganese sare waxaa lagu muujiyey sida soo socota
Electrode (GER-HMA) alxanka fillet ee fidsan ka dib ka saarista slag
Electrode (GER-HMA) alxanka xagasha sare u kaca kadib saarista slag
Usha alxanka (GER-HMA) ka hor iyo ka dib saarista alxanka fillet
Budada birta xudunta u ah arc (GCR-HMA-S) bandhigay alxanka
Tusaalooyinka alxanka alxanka birta manganese sare waxaa lagu muujiyey sida soo socota
Alxanka fidsan (1G) bandhig muunad xamaasad
Alxanka toosan (3G) bandhig muunad xamaasad
Alxanka fidsan (1G) bandhig muunad qaloocsan
Alxanka fidsan (1G) bandhig muunad qaloocsan
PS. Birta manganese sare waxa lagu alxanayaa ulaha alxanka 1G iyo 3G, wax dildilaac ah maleh wejiga foorarsiga iyo muunada laabta dhabarka, caabbinta dildilaacana waa wanaagsan tahay
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-22-2022